Sitting Bull's family, The history of Sitting Bull Options

[Ladonna]

Sitting Bull
Tatanka-Iyotanka
(1831-1890)
A Hunkpapa Lakota chief and holy man under whom the Lakota tribes united in their struggle for survival on the northern plains, Sitting Bull remained defiant toward American military power and contemptuous of American promises to the end.

Born around 1831 on the Grand River in present-day South Dakota, at a place the Lakota called "Many Caches" for the number of food storage pits they had dug there, Sitting Bull was given the name Tatanka-Iyotanka, which describes a buffalo bull sitting intractably on its haunches. It was a name he would live up to throughout his life.

As a young man, Sitting Bull became a leader of the Strong Heart warrior society and, later, a distinguished member of the Silent Eaters, a group concerned with tribal welfare. He first went to battle at age 14, in a raid on the Crow, and saw his first encounter with American soldiers in June 1863, when the army mounted a broad campaign in retaliation for the Santee Rebellion in Minnesota, in which Sitting Bull's people played no part. The next year Sitting Bull fought U.S. troops again, at the Battle of Killdeer Mountain, and in 1865 he led a siege against the newly established Fort Rice in present-day North Dakota. Widely respected for his bravery and insight, he became head chief of the Lakota nation about 1868.

Sitting Bull's courage was legendary. Once, in 1872, during a battle with soldiers protecting railroad workers on the Yellowstone River, Sitting Bull led four other warriors out between the lines, sat calmly sharing a pipe with them as bullets buzzed around, carefully reamed the pipe out when they were finished, and then casually walked away.

The stage was set for war when an expedition led by General George Armstrong Custer confirmed that gold had been discovered in the Black Hills of Dakota Territory, an area sacred to many tribes and placed off-limits to white settlement by the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868. Despite this ban, prospectors began a rush to the Black Hills, provoking the Lakota to defend their land. When government efforts to purchase the Black Hills failed, the Fort Laramie Treaty was set aside and the commissioner of Indian Affairs decreed that all Lakota not settled on reservations by January 31, 1876, would be considered hostile. Sitting Bull and his people held their ground.

In March, as three columns of federal troops under General George Crook, General Alfred Terry and Colonel John Gibbon moved into the area, Sitting Bull with the bands of the Lakota, Dakota, Cheyenne and Arapaho to his camp on Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory. There he took part in the sun dance ritual, offering prayers to Wakan Tanka, their Great Spirit, and slashing his arms one hundred times as a sign of sacrifice. During this ceremony, Sitting Bull had a vision in which he saw soldiers falling into the Lakota camp like grasshoppers falling from the sky which was told to the camp by Black Moon.

Inspired by this vision, the Oglala Lakota war chief, Crazy Horse, set out for battle with a band of 500 warriors, and on June 17 he surprised Crook's troops and forced them to retreat at the Battle of the Rosebud. To celebrate this victory, the Lakota moved their camp to the valley of the Little Bighorn River, where they were joined by 3,000 more Indians who had left the reservations to follow Sitting Bull. Here they were attacked on June 25 by the Seventh Cavalry under George Armstrong Custer, whose badly outnumbered troops first rushed the encampment, as if in fulfillment of Sitting Bull's vision, and then made a stand on a nearby ridge, where they were destroyed.

Public outrage at this military catastrophe brought thousands more cavalrymen to the area, and over the next year they relentlessly pursued the Lakota, who had split up after the Custer fight, forcing chief after chief to surrender. But Sitting Bull remained defiant. In May 1877 he led his band across the border into Canada, beyond the reach of the U.S. Army, and when General Terry traveled north to offer him a pardon in exchange for settling on a reservation, Sitting Bull angrily sent him away.

Four years later, however, finding it impossible to feed his people in a world where the buffalo was almost extinct, Sitting Bull finally came south to surrender. On July 19, 1881, he had his young son hand his rifle to the commanding officer of Fort Buford in Montana, explaining that in this way he hoped to teach the boy "that he has become a friend of the Americans." Yet at the same time, Sitting Bull said, "I wish it to be remembered that I was the last man of my tribe to surrender my rifle." He asked for the right to cross back and forth into Canada whenever he wished, and for a reservation of his own on the Little Missouri River near the Black Hills. Instead he was sent to Standing Rock Reservation, and when his reception there raised fears that he might inspire a fresh uprising, sent further down the Missouri River to Fort Randall, where he and his followers were held for nearly two years as prisoners of war.

Finally, on May 10, 1883, Sitting Bull rejoined his tribe at Standing Rock. The Indian agent in charge of the reservation, James McLaughlin, was determined to deny the great chief any special privileges, even forcing him to work in the fields, hoe in hand. But Sitting Bull still knew his own authority, and when a delegation of U.S. Senators came to discuss opening part of the reservation to white settlers, he spoke forcefully, though futilely, against their plan.

In 1885 Sitting Bull was allowed to leave the reservation to join Buffalo Bill's Wild West, earning $50 a week for riding once around the arena, in addition to whatever he could charge for his autograph and picture. He stayed with the show only four months, unable to tolerate white society any longer, though in that time he did manage to shake hands with President Grover Cleveland, which he took as evidence that he was still regarded as a great chief.

Returning to Standing Rock, Sitting Bull lived in a cabin on the Grand River, near where he had been born. He refused to give up his old ways as the reservation's rules required, still living with two wives and rejecting Christianity, though he sent his children to a nearby Christian school in the belief that the next generation of Lakota would need to be able to read and write.

Soon after his return, Sitting Bull had another mystical vision, like the one that had foretold Custer's defeat. This time he saw a meadowlark alight on a hillock beside him, and heard it say, "Your own people, Lakotas, will kill you." Nearly five years later, this vision also proved true.

In the fall of 1890, a Miniconjou Lakota named Kicking Bear came to Sitting Bull with news of the Ghost Dance, a ceremony that promised to rid the land of white people and restore the Indians' way of life. Lakota had already adopted the ceremony at the Pine Ridge and Rosebud Reservations, and Indian agents there had already called for troops to bring the growing movement under control. At Standing Rock, the authorities feared that Sitting Bull, still revered as a spiritual leader, would join the Ghost Dancers as well, and they sent 43 Lakota policemen to bring him in. Before dawn on December 15, 1890, the policemen burst into Sitting Bull's cabin and dragged him outside, where his followers were gathering to protect him. In the gunfight that followed, one of the Lakota policemen put a bullet through Sitting Bull's head.

Sitting Bull was buried at Fort Yates in North Dakota, and in 1953 his remains were moved to Mobridge, South Dakota, where a granite shaft marks his grave. He was remembered among the Lakota not only as an inspirational leader and fearless warrior but as a loving father, a gifted singer, a man always affable and friendly toward others, whose deep religious faith gave him prophetic insight and lent special power to his prayers.

[Ladonna]

FATHER OF SITTING BULL (I): TATANKA PTAICA/JUMPING BADGER/HOLLOW BEAR

BORN: 1799 DIED; 1859 KILLED IN BATTLE WITH CROW

MOTHER: UMPAN WASTEWIN/HER HOLY DOOR: BORN: 1800 DIED 1884 (San Arc) (Good Female Elk Woman-Lost Woman)


CHILDREN:

SON-SITTING BULL BORN: 1834 DIED:1890
DAUGHTER-WAYAKAWASTEWIN/GOOD FEATHER: BORN: 1827
DAUGHTER- TASINA ZIZI/TWIN WOMAN: BORN 1818
DAUGHTER-BROWN SHAWL WOMAN
ADOPTED SON-LITTLE ASSINABOINE BORN 1844


THE SPOUSES OF SITTING BULL

LIGHT HAIR

SNOW ON HER

RED WOMAN

SEEN BY HER NATION

FOUR ROBES




DAUGHTER-WAYAKAWASTEWIN/GOOD FEATHER: BORN: 1827

SPOUSE

WHITE BULL

DAUGHTER- TASINA ZIZI/TWIN WOMAN: BORN 1818
SPOUSE

LOOKING HORSE

DAUGHTER-BROWN SHAWL WOMAN: BORN 1831

SPOUSE

GROWLER

ADOPTED SON-LITTLE ASSINABOINE BORN 1844

SPOUSE

BITE OFF BORN 1844




SITTING BULL

SITTING BULL HAD FIVE WIVES THOUGH OUT HIS LIFETIME
LIGHT HAIR, SNOW ON HER, RED WOMAN, SEEN BY HER NATION AND FOUR ROBES.
12 CHILDREN WERE BORN TO SITTING BULL.



SITTING BULL BORN 1834 DIED 12/15/1890

SPOUSES
1. LIGHT HAIR: MARRIED: 1851 DIED: 1857
SON BORN 1857 DIED 1877

2. SNOW ON HER-(ARIKARA WIFE) MARRIED 1861 AND DIVORCED 1869 AND RETURN TO HER PEOPLE AND REMARRIED AT FORT BERTHOLD RESERVATION. BORN: 1829 DIED: 1893

CHILDREN:

DAUGHTER: HER MANY HORSE BORN 1863 DIED 1888
SPOUSE: THOMAS FLY (YUHA KIYANPI) BORN 1861, THOMAS'S MOTHER: GOOD NATION
CHILDREN:

SON: JOE FLY-TONKEYE WAKUWA-CHASES FRIST BORN 1884, DIED SEPTEMBER 20, 1912

DAUGHTER: STAND WITH WOMAN BORN 1888

DAUGHTER: SEE WALKING/WALKS LOOKING
BORN 1968 DIED 1887 ON THE GRAND RIVER
SPOUSE: ANDREW FOX MARRIED IN 1884.
ANDREW FOX-SUNGINA BORN 1861 DIED 1/30/1938
FATHER: THOMAS FOX MOTHER: PRETTY NATION NEPHEW OF WHITE GHOST AND WIZI.

CHILDREN
SON BORN NAMED CHASE NEAR BORN 1884 DIED UNKNOWN

SRST CENSUS 1903 LISTED AS 19 YEARS OLD LAST LISTING

ALSO KNOWN AS ANDREW FOX JR AND JOHN PETER FOX.



3. RED WOMAN/SCARLET WOMAN

MARRIED: 1871 DIED1876 DIED FROM DISEASE

CHILDREN:

SON: NO NAME DIED IN CHILDBIRTH
SON: TAKES THE GUN, BORN 1868 DIED 1877 KILLED BY HEAD TRAUMA



4. SEEN BY HER NATION-BORN 1837 DIED 1897, FATHER: IRON TAIL-MOTHER-LAST WOMAN
1ST SPOUSE: BEAR LOUSE BORN 1864, MOTHER: TALKS A LOT

CHILDREN
SON: BLUE MOUNTAIN/LOUIS/LEWIS SITTING BULL/DEAF BORN 1869 DIED 1956
SPOUSE: ZITKANAWASTEWIN-MARY PRETTY BIRD: DIED 1898
SPOUSE: HIDE
SPOUSE: WINYANCICLA LITTLE WOMAN BORN 1855

SON-WILLIAM/JOHN SITTING BULL/TAKES PART: BORN 1877 DIED:1956
SPOUSE: SCOUT WOMAN
CHILDREN
DAUGHTER: NANCY SITTING BULL 1903-1959
SPOUSE: GRORGE STEWARD

SPOUSE: SITTING BULL BORN: 1831 DIED:1890
CHILDREN:
DAUGHTER: STANDING HOLY BORN
BORN: 1877 DIED 1927
SPOUSE: URBAN SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1873 DIED 1920 FATHER: HENRY SPOTTED HORSE MOTHER: ANNIE RED SCARLET

CHILDREN:
DAUGHTER: MYTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1895
DAUGHTER: ALICE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1898 DIED 1899
DAUGHTER: AGNES SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1899
DAUGHTER: JULIA SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1907
DAUGHTER: ANGELINE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 12/10/1903 DIED 4/17/1959
SPOUSE ALLISON LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE

CHILDREN:
DAUGHTER: GRACE LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1929
DAUGHTER: ELEANOR LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1928
DAUGHTER: LYDIA LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1930
DAUGHTER: MARGARET LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1933
DAUGHTER: MARLENE LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1935
SPOUSE: ANDERSON
DAUGHTER: ETHEL LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1937
SPOUSE: BATES
SON: ELI LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1939
SPOUSE: CLAUDE LAPOINT
SON: ROBERT SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1906
DAUGHTER: SARAH SPOTTED HORSES BORN 1907
SPOUSE: DAVID LITTLE SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1910
FATHER LUDLOW SPOTTED HORSE MOTHER THERSA TREMBLE

SON: ELI SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1909

SON: ISAAC SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1911

DAUGHTER: MARY SPOTTED HORSE BORN 1915


5. FOUR ROBES/FOUR TIMES WOMAN BORN 1844 DIED 4/15/1929 FATHER: IRON TAIL MOTHER: LAST WOMAN
CHILDREN:

SON CROWFOOT: BORN 1876 DIED 1890 KILLED WITH FATHER
DAUGHTER: SIGHT OF LODGE WOMAN BORN: 1876
SPOUSE: FRIDAY SCARES
SON: RUN AWAY/ ALBERT RUNS AWAY FROM HIM: BORN 1878 DIED 1918
SPOUSE: BARBARA SUSAN BEAR EAGLE BORN 1876 DIED 1937
CHILDREN:

DAUGHTER: MARY ANN RUNS AWAY FROM HIM BORN 1899
DAUGHTER: DELLA RUNS AWAY FROM HIM BORN 1903
DAUGHTER: GLADYS RUNS AWAY FROM HIM BORN 1910
SON: GEORGE RUNS AWAY FROM HIM BORN 10/18/1914
DAUGHTER: MELDA RUNS AWAY FROM HIM BORN 1916

SON: WOUNDED: BORN: 1878
SPOUSE: JULIA TWO WHITE COW BORN 1875 FATHER: LIVING BEAR MOTHER: RED CROW
CHILDREN

HENRY THUNDERHAWK BORN 1896 DIED 6/29/1912

DAUGHTER: MARY MILLIE WOUNDED BORN 1899
SPOUSE: FRANK BLACK TAIL DEER
SON: SITTING EAGLE BORN 1880 DIED 1880

SON: TWIN OF SITTING EAGLE BORN 1880 DIED 1880
DAUGHTER TWINS: BORN 1882 DIED 1882
DAUGHTER: TWINS BORN 1882 DIED 1882
SON: SITTING BULL JR.: 1886 DIED 1886
DAUGHTER: GIRL BORN 1888 DIED 1888

[Guest_Guest_ALAN LOUIS DAHMS ROUCHLEAU_*]

Sitting Bull
Tatanka-Iyotanka
(1831-1890)
A Hunkpapa Lakota chief and holy man under whom the Lakota tribes united in their struggle for survival on the northern plains, Sitting Bull remained defiant toward American military power and contemptuous of American promises to the end.

Born around 1831 on the Grand River in present-day South Dakota, at a place the Lakota called "Many Caches" for the number of food storage pits they had dug there, Sitting Bull was given the name Tatanka-Iyotanka, which describes a buffalo bull sitting intractably on its haunches. It was a name he would live up to throughout his life.

As a young man, Sitting Bull became a leader of the Strong Heart warrior society and, later, a distinguished member of the Silent Eaters, a group concerned with tribal welfare. He first went to battle at age 14, in a raid on the Crow, and saw his first encounter with American soldiers in June 1863, when the army mounted a broad campaign in retaliation for the Santee Rebellion in Minnesota, in which Sitting Bull's people played no part. The next year Sitting Bull fought U.S. troops again, at the Battle of Killdeer Mountain, and in 1865 he led a siege against the newly established Fort Rice in present-day North Dakota. Widely respected for his bravery and insight, he became head chief of the Lakota nation about 1868.

Sitting Bull's courage was legendary. Once, in 1872, during a battle with soldiers protecting railroad workers on the Yellowstone River, Sitting Bull led four other warriors out between the lines, sat calmly sharing a pipe with them as bullets buzzed around, carefully reamed the pipe out when they were finished, and then casually walked away.

The stage was set for war when an expedition led by General George Armstrong Custer confirmed that gold had been discovered in the Black Hills of Dakota Territory, an area sacred to many tribes and placed off-limits to white settlement by the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868. Despite this ban, prospectors began a rush to the Black Hills, provoking the Lakota to defend their land. When government efforts to purchase the Black Hills failed, the Fort Laramie Treaty was set aside and the commissioner of Indian Affairs decreed that all Lakota not settled on reservations by January 31, 1876, would be considered hostile. Sitting Bull and his people held their ground.

In March, as three columns of federal troops under General George Crook, General Alfred Terry and Colonel John Gibbon moved into the area, Sitting Bull with the bands of the Lakota, Dakota, Cheyenne and Arapaho to his camp on Rosebud Creek in Montana Territory. There he took part in the sun dance ritual, offering prayers to Wakan Tanka, their Great Spirit, and slashing his arms one hundred times as a sign of sacrifice. During this ceremony, Sitting Bull had a vision in which he saw soldiers falling into the Lakota camp like grasshoppers falling from the sky which was told to the camp by Black Moon.

Inspired by this vision, the Oglala Lakota war chief, Crazy Horse, set out for battle with a band of 500 warriors, and on June 17 he surprised Crook's troops and forced them to retreat at the Battle of the Rosebud. To celebrate this victory, the Lakota moved their camp to the valley of the Little Bighorn River, where they were joined by 3,000 more Indians who had left the reservations to follow Sitting Bull. Here they were attacked on June 25 by the Seventh Cavalry under George Armstrong Custer, whose badly outnumbered troops first rushed the encampment, as if in fulfillment of Sitting Bull's vision, and then made a stand on a nearby ridge, where they were destroyed.

Public outrage at this military catastrophe brought thousands more cavalrymen to the area, and over the next year they relentlessly pursued the Lakota, who had split up after the Custer fight, forcing chief after chief to surrender. But Sitting Bull remained defiant. In May 1877 he led his band across the border into Canada, beyond the reach of the U.S. Army, and when General Terry traveled north to offer him a pardon in exchange for settling on a reservation, Sitting Bull angrily sent him away.

Four years later, however, finding it impossible to feed his people in a world where the buffalo was almost extinct, Sitting Bull finally came south to surrender. On July 19, 1881, he had his young son hand his rifle to the commanding officer of Fort Buford in Montana, explaining that in this way he hoped to teach the boy "that he has become a friend of the Americans." Yet at the same time, Sitting Bull said, "I wish it to be remembered that I was the last man of my tribe to surrender my rifle." He asked for the right to cross back and forth into Canada whenever he wished, and for a reservation of his own on the Little Missouri River near the Black Hills. Instead he was sent to Standing Rock Reservation, and when his reception there raised fears that he might inspire a fresh uprising, sent further down the Missouri River to Fort Randall, where he and his followers were held for nearly two years as prisoners of war.

Finally, on May 10, 1883, Sitting Bull rejoined his tribe at Standing Rock. The Indian agent in charge of the reservation, James McLaughlin, was determined to deny the great chief any special privileges, even forcing him to work in the fields, hoe in hand. But Sitting Bull still knew his own authority, and when a delegation of U.S. Senators came to discuss opening part of the reservation to white settlers, he spoke forcefully, though futilely, against their plan.

In 1885 Sitting Bull was allowed to leave the reservation to join Buffalo Bill's Wild West, earning $50 a week for riding once around the arena, in addition to whatever he could charge for his autograph and picture. He stayed with the show only four months, unable to tolerate white society any longer, though in that time he did manage to shake hands with President Grover Cleveland, which he took as evidence that he was still regarded as a great chief.

Returning to Standing Rock, Sitting Bull lived in a cabin on the Grand River, near where he had been born. He refused to give up his old ways as the reservation's rules required, still living with two wives and rejecting Christianity, though he sent his children to a nearby Christian school in the belief that the next generation of Lakota would need to be able to read and write.

Soon after his return, Sitting Bull had another mystical vision, like the one that had foretold Custer's defeat. This time he saw a meadowlark alight on a hillock beside him, and heard it say, "Your own people, Lakotas, will kill you." Nearly five years later, this vision also proved true.

In the fall of 1890, a Miniconjou Lakota named Kicking Bear came to Sitting Bull with news of the Ghost Dance, a ceremony that promised to rid the land of white people and restore the Indians' way of life. Lakota had already adopted the ceremony at the Pine Ridge and Rosebud Reservations, and Indian agents there had already called for troops to bring the growing movement under control. At Standing Rock, the authorities feared that Sitting Bull, still revered as a spiritual leader, would join the Ghost Dancers as well, and they sent 43 Lakota policemen to bring him in. Before dawn on December 15, 1890, the policemen burst into Sitting Bull's cabin and dragged him outside, where his followers were gathering to protect him. In the gunfight that followed, one of the Lakota policemen put a bullet through Sitting Bull's head.

Sitting Bull was buried at Fort Yates in North Dakota, and in 1953 his remains were moved to Mobridge, South Dakota, where a granite shaft marks his grave. He was remembered among the Lakota not only as an inspirational leader and fearless warrior but as a loving father, a gifted singer, a man always affable and friendly toward others, whose deep religious faith gave him prophetic insight and lent special power to his prayers.

[Guest_Guest_ALAN LOUIS DAHMS ROUCHLEAU_*]

GRANDSON OF GLADYS MAY ROUCHLEAU

[Guest_Guest_ALAN LOUIS DAHMS ROUCHLEAU_*]

GRANDSON OF GLADYS MAY ROUCHLEAU